A and B have different personal realities, their ‘MAPs’.
They each have their own world formed by their experiences, their perceptions,
their ideas, etc. They will perceive, experience, and interpret things
differently. The same event will always be perceived a little different by each
of two people as they have lived different lives.
Between humans there will be several layers of the message
being sent. There will often be a verbal portion, something that is being
expressed in language, spoken or written, as well as a non-verbal portion,
covering everything else, most notably body language. Sometimes the verbal and
non-verbal messages don't agree with each other – someone may be smiling whilst
giving bad news for example.
Based on what the receiver perceives, and based on their
interpretation of the verbal and non-verbal input, they will form a concept in
their reality of what the meaning of the message is. Although it will mean
something to the receiver, it might or might not be what was intended by the
sender. In successful communication the perceived message will approximate the
intended message to the sender's satisfaction. However, the sender will only
know that, if they receive a message back, that confirms this.
One can never take for granted that the receiver has the
same reality as the sender. One can never take for granted that the receiver
will interpret the message the same way as the sender intended it.
Communication is not an absolute finite thing. Particularly,
communication with language is always vague and misleading to some extent, how
many times have you said something that has been misconstrued.
If A says a word, for example "star", they have a
certain meaning attached to it in their reality. They have had certain
experiences with the subject matter, have made conclusions about it, and have
certain perceptual filters concerning it. The meaning of the word is the
results of all of these things that are associated with in their reality.
However, because words also have nice, finite dictionary definitions it might
appear as if the word is something very precise. What travels across the communication channel
is NOT all the associations that A made about the word, and NOT the intentions
they had with using it. What crosses the distance are the symbols that A is
generating.
When B hears the word or sentence they will interpret it
based on their experiences, perceptions, and opinions. They might supplement
the verbal information with non-verbal information such as body language but in
one way or another they arrive at what they believe it means.
To have effective communication one needs to take all the
factors into consideration. The different realities, the space the
communication takes place in, verbal as well as non-verbal messages, the
intended meaning versus the perceived meaning.
To be continued……